Lupus

Key facts:

Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs and tissues in the body, including the kidneys. In fact, up to 60% of people with lupus will develop lupus nephritis, a type of kidney disease that can cause serious complications if left untreated.

• Lupus affects mostly women, with 90% of cases occurring in females. It can occur at any age but is most commonly diagnosed in people between the ages of 15 and 45.

• Lupus occurs when the immune system attacks healthy tissues and organs, leading to inflammation and tissue damage. It is not contagious.

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Symptoms:

• The symptoms of lupus vary widely and can include fatigue, joint pain and stiffness, skin rashes, fever, and weight loss. Some people with lupus may also experience kidney problems, lung problems, or neurological symptoms.

• The exact cause of lupus is unknown, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Certain medications and infections may also trigger lupus in some people.

• There is no cure for lupus, but treatments can help manage symptoms and prevent damage to organs. Treatment may include medications such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and anti-malarials, as well as lifestyle changes such as avoiding sun exposure and getting regular exercise.

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Diagnosis:

• Lupus can be a difficult disease to diagnose, as the symptoms can mimic other conditions. Doctors may use blood tests, imaging tests, and biopsies to help diagnose lupus.

• People with lupus may experience flares, or periods of increased disease activity, followed by periods of remission, where symptoms improve or disappear.

• Lupus can be a serious disease and can lead to complications such as kidney failure, lung disease, and heart disease. It is important for people with lupus to work closely with their healthcare team to manage their symptoms and prevent complications.

• Support groups and resources are available for people with lupus and their families, including the Lupus Foundation of America and the Lupus Research Alliance.

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Lupus nephritis

Occurs when the immune system attacks the kidneys, leading to inflammation and damage to the kidney tissue. Symptoms may include swelling in the legs or ankles, high blood pressure, and changes in urine output or appearance. Left untreated, lupus nephritis can lead to kidney failure and the need for dialysis or a kidney transplant.

Diagnosis of lupus nephritis typically involves a combination of blood and urine tests, as well as a kidney biopsy to assess the severity of the disease. Treatment may include medications such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and biologic agents, as well as lifestyle changes such as managing blood pressure and avoiding certain medications that can further damage the kidneys.

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Care and Management

Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in managing lupus nephritis and preventing long-term complications. Regular monitoring and follow-up with a healthcare provider are also important to ensure that the disease is well-controlled and to address any potential complications.

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Nutrition and lifestyle

In addition to managing lupus nephritis, people with lupus may also need to take steps to protect their kidney function. This may include maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle, managing blood pressure and blood sugar levels, avoiding certain medications, and staying hydrated.

Getting help

If you have lupus and are concerned about your kidney function, it is important to talk to your healthcare provider. They can help determine if further evaluation or treatment is needed and provide guidance on how to best manage your condition.

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If you are experiencing symptoms of lupus or have concerns about your health, it is important to talk to your healthcare provider. They can help determine if further evaluation or treatment is needed.